What is necessary for bone health &
mineralization of bone?
For bone health need healthy bone cells called osteocytes along
with collagen fiber matrix with minerals deposited. This include
about 14 minerals, 8 Vitamins and amino acids which do not form
in body, so we need from outside via diet or supplement.
OPD45 provide about 12 minerals, 8 vitamins and amino acid to
take comprehensive care of bone health.
Calcium
Crystalline mineral compound, called hydroxyapatite, is formed principally from calcium & phosphorus. Essential for healthy bone development, bone maintenance, bone strength and rigidity.
Phosphorus
Phosphorus is about 17% of bone, this combines
with calcium to form mineral crystal that gives
strength & structure to bone.
Vitamine-D
Help in absorption of calcium and phosphorus.Also helps to build bones and keep bones strong and healthy. Also block the release of parathyroid hormone. This hormone reabsorbs bone tissue, which makes bones thin and brittle. Vitamin D also play a role in muscle function and the immune system.
Calcium is the mineral 99% of body found in bones and teeth
rest 1% is found in whole other parts of body and needed for
various activity like blood clotting, nerve signaling, muscles
function, releasing harmons and chemicals and for normal
heart beat.
In bones this is found in form of crystalline mineral
compound, embedded in protein collagen metrix with
phosphate called hydroxyapatite which gives bone strength.
The daily requirement of calcium is 1000 to 1500 mg per
day and 60 to 70% we get from our diet. Rich source of
calcium are dairy products, oranges, soy,almonds
,broccoli,beans,germ vegetables, cereals,fish and meat,
green peas,lentils, sesame seeds, eggs etc.
The risks of too little calcium intake is related to weak bones,
due to lack of calcium:
-Children may not reach their full potential adult height.
-Adults may have low bone mass, which is a risk factor for
osteoporosis.
Any type of calcium you consume but Vit D is always needed for
its absorption, daily calcium requirement is 1000 to 1500 mg but
we receive about 600 to 700 mg from our diet rest we need from
suppliment. With Calcium need vitamin-D for better absorption but
at same time also need magnesium in ratio of 2:1 or few
recommend in case of OA 1:1. Magnesium magnify the role of
calcium so magnesium is always needed in association with
calcium
Phosphorus is a mineral that makes about 1% of a total human
body weight. second most abundant mineral in the body, found in
every cell of the body.large amount of phosphorus in the body is
found in the bones and teeth. The main function of phosphorus is
in the formation of bones and teeth.
Phosphorus works with the B vitamins. It also helps with the
following: -Kidney function -Muscle contractions -Normal heartbeat
-Nerve signaling
Calcium is crucial to bone health, but it can’t do its job without
magnesium. Without magnesium, the body cannot:
Adequately absorb calcium
Stimulate calcitonin, a hormone that draws calcium from the blood
and tissues back into the bones.
Suppress parathyroid, another hormone that breaks down bone
Convert vitamin D into its active form for calcium absorption
Activate an enzyme required for new bone to form
Regulate calcium transport
Clinical studies confirm the role and critical importance of
magnesium in the diet.
Calcium and magnesium work together so
deficiency of one affect status of other mineral
also. Increase in calcium without increasing
magnesium leads loss of magnesium. And use
of calcium in body with deficiency of magnesium
may leads calcium deposits in joint cartilage and
in kidney as stone.
Promoting production of collagen via bone forming osteoblastic
cells, and by moderating bone breakdown. In a trail found
chromium picolinate suppliment shown low level of bone
collagen protein and calcium. Supplementing chromium
picolinate increase DHEA in blood flow,a harmon play
physiological role in preventing bone density in postmenopausal
women.
Zinc is essential micronutrients needed for immune response,
reproduction, growth and development, neurological roles and bone
health.
Zinc acts as a cofactor for enzymes that are involved in protein and
nucleic acid synthesis, and is known to play an important role in
the bone remodeling cycle. Where it is involved as a cofactor for
proteins involved in deposition and resorption of the bone matrix;
plays a regulatory role; and is involved in the structure of the bone
itself.
There are two major roles for zinc concerning bone health:
Bone mineral hydroxyapatite crystals contain a complex of znc and
fluoride.
Zinc stimulates bone building osteoblasts, and inhibits the function of
bone resorption by osteoclasts
Zinc in importent for bone metabolism this been recognized in humans. A
study conducted shows mean concentrations of serum zinc were
significantly lower in osteoporotic women than in either osteopenic or
normal women.
Study showed that serum zinc level in patients with bone fractures was
significantly lower than normal range and supplementation with zinc had
positive effect on callus formation.
Zinc is found in red meat, lamb, shell fish, seeds, nuts, dairy products,
poultry and beans.
The recommended daily minimum intake of zinc is 12 mg and for bone
health 15 mg is recommended, so need supplementation.
Boron is recently found out as essential nutrient for bones in
humans. Dietary boron influences the activity of many metabolic
enzymes, as well as the metabolism of steroid hormones and
several micronutrients, including calcium, magnesium, and vitamin
D.
Boron supplementation in animals has been shown to increase
bone strength. Boron may also play a role in improving arthritis,
plasma lipid profiles, and brain function.
Boron is found in fruits, vegetables and nuts and daily RDA yet not
established.
The Tolerable Upper Intake Level (UL), the maximum dose at
which no harmful effects would be expected, is 17 mg per day for
adolescents and adults.
Like Copper and zinc this is also important micronutrient.
Manganese is involved in many chemical processes in the body,
including processing of cholesterol, carbohydrates, and protein.
Also involved in bone formation.
Manganese is taken for prevention and treatment of manganese
deficiency, It is also used for weak bones (osteoporosis), painful
joints (osteoarthritis), a type of “tired blood” (anemia), weight loss,
symptoms of premenstrual syndrome (PMS) and chronic
obstructive pulmonary disease(COPD) etc.
Manganese is a mineral that is found in several foods including
nuts, legumes, seeds, tea, whole grains, and leafy green
vegetables.
Potassium intake shows positive association with bone density
in elderly women, suggesting that increasing consumption of
food rich in potassium may play a role in osteoporosis
prevention.
Alkalizing potassium compounds help in managing acidalkaline
balance in bone and prevent bone depleting acids
in bone and also prevent loss of calcium from urine.
Copper is an essential trace mineral that has only recently
been found to play an important role in bone health, In humans
severe copper deficiency is known to cause skeletal
abnormalities, for example, osteoporosis is associated with
malabsorption of copper in Menkes’ disease.
Post-menopausal women with a high dietary calcium intake
combined with a high serum copper level had a greater
lumbar bone density than women with low calcium intake
and low serum copper.
In a 2-year double-blind, placebo controlled study, bone
loss in post-menopausal women given combined calcium
and copper, manganese and zinc supplements was
significantly less than in the placebo group and in groups
taking the trace mineral or calcium alone
Selenium is an essential nutrient that appears to play a role in
bone health. That role is likely to involve the functions of
selenoproteins. Many, selenoproteins are antioxidant enzymes
that participate in maintaining cell redox balance, which is
important in the regulation of inflammation and bone cell
proliferation/differentiation.
Selenium may play additional cellular roles in prevention of the
bone resorption through the inactivation of osteoclasts.
In a 2-year double-blind, placebo controlled study, bone
loss in post-menopausal women given combined calcium
and copper, manganese and zinc supplements was
significantly less than in the placebo group and in groups
taking the trace mineral or calcium alone
